Bhagavad Gita 14.5

सत्त्वं राजस्तम इति गुण: प्रकृतिसम्भवा: |
निबद्ध्नन्ति महाबाहो देहे देहिनमव्यम्

Translation

O mighty-armed Arjun, the material energy consists of three guṇas (modes)—sattva (goodness), rajas (passion), and tamas (ignorance). These modes bind the eternal soul to the perishable body.